Abbreviations
A Adenine
AAV Adeno-Associated Virus
ACP Acyl carrier protein
ADA Adeno-Associated Virus
ADP Adenosine diphosphate
Ala Alanine
AIAD Alphal-Antitrypsin Deficiency
ALV Avian Leukosis Virus
AMP Adenosine monophosphate
cAMP Cyclic AMP
Arg Arginine
Asn Asparagine
Asp Aspartate
ATP Adenosine triphosphate
ATPase Adenosine triphosphatase
ATCC American Type Culture Collection
ßhCG β-human chorionic gonadotropin
BrdU 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine
BSS Balanced salt solution
C Cytosine
CAG Cytosine-Adenine-Guanine
CDP Cytidine diphosphate
CFE Colony-forming efficiency
CMP Cytidine monophosphate
CMC Carboxy Methyl Cellulose
CNTF Ciliary Neurotropic Factor
CPD Cumulative population doublings
CPE Cytopathogenic effect
CoA Coenzyme A
CoQ Coenzyme Q (ubiquinone)
CTP Cytidine triphosphate
cAMP Adenosine 3 ,5 -cyclic monophosphate
cGMP Guanosine 3 ,5 -cyclic monophosphate
Cys Cysteine
Cyt Cytochrome
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
cDNA Complementary DNA
DAPI 4,6-diaminophenylindole
DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
DMF Dimethylformamide
DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
DAF Decay Accelerating Factor
DMD Duchenne muscular dystrophy
DNAse Deoxyribonuclease
EBV Epstein-Barr virus
ECM Extracellular matrix
EGF Epidermal growth factor
EGFP Enhanced green fluorescent protein
ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant assay
ES Embryonic stem
EcoRI EcoRI restriction endonuclease
EF Elongation factor
FACS Fluorescence activated cell sorting
FAD Flavin adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form)
FADH2 Flavin adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)
FCS Fetal calf serum
FGF Fibroblast growth factor
FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridization
FTC Fluorescein isothiocyanate
fMet Formylmethionine
FMN Flavin mononucleotide (oxidized form)
FMNH2 Flavin mononucleotide (reduced form)
G Guanine
GCV Gancyclovir
GDP Guanosine diphosphate
Gln Glutamine
Glu Glutamate
Gly Glycine
GMP Guanosine monophosphate
cGMP Cyclic GMP
GnRH Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
GSH Reduced glutathione
GTP Guanosine triphosphate
GTPase Guanosine triphosphatase
GVHD Graft-versus-host discase
HAT medium Medium containing hypoxanthine aminopterin and Thymidine
HAC Human Artificial Chromosome
HBV Hepatitis B virus
Hb Hemoglobin
HDL High-density lipoprotein
HDF Human dermal fibroblast
HEPA High Efficiency Particle Filter
HGPRT Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl-transferase
His Histidine
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus
Hyp Hydroxyproline
ICE Interleukin 1 β-converting enzyme
IFGT Irradiation fusion gene transfer
IgG Immunoglobulin G
IL Interleukin
Ile Isoleucine
IP3 Inositol 1,4,5,-trisphosphate
ITP Inosine triphosphate
JIVET Juvenile In -Vitro Embryo Transfer
KSM Keratinocyte serum free media
KGF Keratinocyte growth factor
LDL Low-density lipoprotein
LDH Lactate dehydrogenase
Leu Leucine
Lys Lysine
MAS Marker Assisted Selection
MBC Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
Met Methionine
MCTS Multicellular tumour spheroids
MMCT Microcell-mediated chromosome transfer
MX medium Medium containing mycophenolic acid and xanthine
NaBt Sodium butyrate
NAD+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form)
NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)
NADP+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (oxidized form)
NADPH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)
PFK Phosphofructokinase
Phe Phenylalanine
Pi Inorganic orthophosphate
PLP Pyridoxal phosphate
PPi Inorganic pyrophosphate
Pro Proline
PRPP 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate
PVP Polyvinyl Pyrolidone
Q Ubiquinone (or plastoquinone)
QH2 Ubiquinol (or plastoquinol)
RNA Ribonucleic acid
mRNA Messenger RNA
rRNA Ribosomal RNA
scRNA Small cytoplasmic RNA
snRNA Small nuclear RNA
tRNA Transfer RNA
RNAse Ribonuclease
Ser Serine
T Thymine
TCA Trichloroacetic Acid
TDT Thermal Death Time
TET Tubal Embryo Transfer
Thr Threonine
TNF Tumor Necrosis Factor
TPA Tissue Plasminogen Activator
TPP Thiamine pyrophosphate
Trp Tryptophan
TTP Thymidine triphosphate
Tyr Tyrosine
U Uracil
UDP Uridine diphosphate
UDP-galactose Uridine diphosphate galactose
UDP-glucose Uridine diphosphate glucose
UMP Uridine monphosphate
UTP Uridine triphosphate
Val Valine
VLDL Very low density lipoprotein
X-SCID X-linked severe combined immune deficiency